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Ⅰ. Fireproof Board Substrates
1. Substrate Types
Inorganic Substrates (Dominant):
Calcium Silicate Board: Quartz powder (45%) + Lime (33%) + Cement (15%) + Pulp fiber (7%)
Magnesium Oxide Board: MgO + MgCl₂ + Plant fibers (requires surface sealing)
Glass-MgO Board: MgO + Fiberglass mesh (high strength)
Organic substrates (flame-retardant modification)
Flame-retardant particleboard: Wood chips + phosphorus-nitrogen type flame retardant (addition amount 8-15%)
Flame-retardant MDF: Wood fibers impregnated with zinc borate/aluminum hydroxide (impregnation concentration ≥ 12%)
2. Standard Dimensions
Parameter | Standard Range | Customization |
Thickness | 6mm, 9mm, 12mm | 4mm(ultra-thin)-25mm |
Width | 1220mm, 1250mm | 800-1500m |
Length | 2440mm, 2750mm | 1200-3660mm |
II. Production Process of Flame-Retardant Particleboard Base Material

1. Raw Material Preparation
Wood fragmentation:Fast-growing forest wood (poplar/cedar) is debarked, sliced, and screened to produce 20-40mm long and 0.2-0.5mm thick particle boards.
Drying:The drum dryer reduces the moisture content of the particle boards from 40-60% to 2-4% (temperature 120-140℃, to avoid carbonization).
wood chipper machine
particleboard drying system
2. Application of Flame Retardants
Types of Flame Retardants:
Liquid type: Ammonium phosphate solution (concentration 15-20%)
Powder type: Polyphosphate ammonium (APP) + Aluminum hydroxide (ATH) compound (ratio 1:1)
Application method:
Liquid: Ammonium phosphate solution (15-20% conc.) sprayed at 10-12% dosage
Powder: APP+ATH blend (1:1 ratio) mixed with UF resin (25-30% of resin solids)

3. Blending & Forming
Resin System:Modified UF resin (50-55% solids) + retardant, total adhesive 8-10% of dry flakes
Layered Forming:
Surface: Fine flakes (<0.3mm, 40% for smoothness)
Core: Coarse flakes (>1mm, 60% for stability)

4. Pressing
Pre-pressing:cold-pressed at 1-1.5MPa for 30s to 50% target thickness
Continuous Hot Pressing:
Parameter | Surface Layer | Core Layer |
Temperature | 180-185℃ | 170-175℃ |
Pressure | 3.5-4.0MPa | 2.8-3.2MPa |
Time | 20-25 sec/mm | (e.g., 240-300s for 12mm) |
pre press machine
continuous hot press
5. Post-processing
Cooling & Conditioning: Roller cooling to <50℃, humidity adjusted to 8-10%
Curing: Stacked in climate chamber (25±2℃) for 48-72 hours
Sanding: Double-side calibrated to ±0.15mm tolerance
PB sawing machine
sanding machine for chipboard
Ⅲ.Conversion to Fireproof Board
1. Surface Treatment:
Coating with melamine resin + aluminum hydroxide filler (25-35g/㎡)
2. Decorative Lamination:
Layer | Material | Thickness |
Wear Layer | Sb₂O₃-containing overlay | 0.08-0.15mm |
Decorative Layer | Flame-retardant printed paper | 0.12-0.18mm |
Core | Treated substrate | 6-25mm |
Balance Layer | Phenolic-impregnated kraft | 0.3-0.5mm |
3. Hot Pressing:
Pressure: 8-12MPa
Temperature: 140-160℃
Time: 25-40 seconds/mm thickness
4. Post-Processing:
UV-cured scratch-resistant coating (3-5μm)
Surface texturing for stone/wood grain
Ⅳ.Key Performance Standards
Fire Rating (GB A-class): Heat release ≤2.0MJ/kg, smoke density ≤15
Physical Properties: Thermal conductivity 0.15-0.25W/(m·K), flexural strength ≥15MPa
Ⅴ. Critical Role of Hot Press in Class A Certification
5.1 Precision Temperature Control:
Flame retardants (e.g., aluminum hydroxide, phosphorus-nitrogen compounds) activate within specific ranges (180-220°C). Zoned heating ensures core-layer reaction without under/overburning.
5.2 Uniform Pressure Penetration:
High-pressure zones (>5MPa) force molten retardants into substrate pores, creating dense fire barriers to block oxygen diffusion.
5.3 Structural Integrity Assurance:
Constant-pressure curing eliminates internal stress, preventing post-cooling cracks (which compromise fire resistance) and ensuring structural stability during combustion tests.
Ⅵ. Technical Requirements for Class A Certification
6.1 Retardant Compatibility:
Press components (e.g., chrome-plated belts) must resist acid/alkali corrosion from retardants.
6.2 Low-Smoke Emission Design:
Negative-pressure exhaust systems remove volatile decomposition gases during pressing, reducing smoke density in later combustion.
6.3 Process Traceability:
Temperature/pressure curves must be recorded to verify activation conditions for certification audits.
Ⅶ. Certification Value
Regulatory Compliance: Mandatory for interior applications (especially high-rises/public spaces).
Performance Edge: Certified substrates achieve 1-3 hours fire resistance (EN 13501-2).


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