What is Veneer? & How to Produce Veneer? Veneer production

The veneer and its veneer decoration industry started in the 1950s, and after half a century of development, it has reached a considerable scale. Especially in the past two decades, with the leaping growth of my country's furniture manufacturing industry and decoration and decoration industry, its development has advanced by leaps and bounds, and a large number of industry experts have emerged.

Classification:

In the past ten years, my country's furniture manufacturing industry and decoration industry have used veneer veneer technology to produce a lot. The following are some explorations about veneer, just for your reference:

Classification of thin wood veneer:

1. Classification by thickness

Thickness greater than 0.5mm is called thick veneer; on the contrary, it is meager veneer.

2. Classification by manufacturing method

It can be divided into slicing veneer; rotary veneer; sawing veneer; semicircular rotary veneer. Usually, more are produced by the slicing method.

3. Classification by shape

It can be divided into natural veneer; dyed veneer; combined veneer (technical veneer); spliced veneer; rolled veneer (non-woven veneer).

4. Classification by source

Domestic veneer; imported veneer.

Production Process:

Sliced veneer manufacturing process

Usually, natural veneer is processed by slicing. The process flow is as follows:

Log → truncation → sectioning → softening (steaming or boiling) → rotary cutting → drying (or not drying) → shearing → inspection and packaging → storage

Here are just three of the important parts:

1. Log Cutting

After the log enters the factory, it must first be cut into wood segments according to the required length, and then when the wood is cut, the sawing plan must be selected according to the diameter of the log, the wood texture and the fixing method of the wood on the planer, so that the planer can be cut. The width of veneer shall not be less than the relevant requirements.

The reasonable plan not only has a high yield, but also produces more veneers in radial cuts and less veneers in string cuts, and the obtained products have high decorative value. Logs of different diameter grades require different sawing schemes. The thick solid line in the figure is the saw section line, and the direction of the arrow is the cutting direction of the planer:

In actual production, sawing plan B is usually used for logs with a diameter of less than 400mm, while sawing D and E are often used for logs with a diameter of 400~800mm. When veneer is produced by these sawing and slicing schemes, the board yield is high, the veneer quality is better, and the slicer efficiency is higher.

2. Steaming or Boiling

After the wood is cooked (ie, hydrothermally treated), the plasticity of the wood increases. The most effective way to improve the plasticity of wood is to adjust the two factors of temperature and moisture content at the same time, that is, to increase the temperature of the wood and increase the moisture content of the wood at the same time. This is the reason why the wood is usually cooked with saturated steam or hot water in actual production—hydrothermal treatment.

First of all, when the wood cubes are put into the cooking pool, they should be carried out according to the tree species and the specifications of the wood cubes; it is best to keep the water temperature at room temperature and raise the temperature slowly to avoid cracking of the wood cubes due to thermal stress. When the temperature rises to above 40 °C, the heating rate should be slowed down; excessive cooking will also reduce the quality of veneer; the cooking tank should often remove resin, bark, and sediment, and change the water frequently to reduce wood pollution; after cooking The wood should be placed in the warm water tank for wood storage in front of the slicer in time, and the heat preservation should be in the range of 40~50 °C (depending on the tree species and the thickness of the veneer). The table below lists cooking benchmarks for several types of wood for reference only.

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3. Peeling

The straight grain and pattern of the veneer used in the wooden door are produced by different cutting methods.

According to the data of the Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Association, the standard cutting methods of veneer commonly used in the market are as follows

Rotary Cut - The log is installed in the center of the lathe, the slicing knife is inserted into the log at a slight angle, and then the log is rotated against the slicing knife to create a rotary cut veneer. Rotary cut veneer can be wide enough to provide a whole board (single) board surface.

Plain Slicing, Flat cut – Also known as Flat Slicing, Flat Slicing/Flat Slicing, Slicing Slicing veneer refers to a slicing knife along a parallel line in the center of the log to cut out the wood pieces. The chord-cut veneer is cut from the bisected log, and the growth rings of the most entering layer will form a "cathedral" pattern wood grain.

Quarter Slicing – Quarter Slicing is the vertical slicing of the growth rings of a log, producing a straight-grained veneer.

Rift-Cut – Rift-Cut veneers are manufactured from various oaks. The pith rays of oak extend from the center of the log, like the curved spokes of a wheel. Cut the pith rays of the oak at a slight angle to minimize the appearance of "scale"-like wood grains and produce a straight-grained veneer.

Lengthwise Slicing – The veneer is cut from the bottom of the plank by laying the flat-sawn board flat through the stationary slicing knife. The grain pattern of the longitudinally cut veneer varies widely.

4. Drying

The moisture content after drying is generally required to be 8% to 12%, some people drying 5% to 8%, The veneer drying equipment includes a drum dryer/Roll dryer and belt/Wire dryer for continuous operation and a drying room for intermittent operation. The drying room is an old-fashioned drying equipment, which is very uneconomical, but the drying quality is better. The most widely used is the tumble dryer. For thin veneers, especially those with a thickness of less than 0.4mm, a belt dryer must be used.

We are China manufacturer of plywood machine and veneer machine, if you want to produce veneer core, welcome contact us, above required machines, we can offer to you, from material-wood, to the end product-veneer. 

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